From: Subject: FEMA: Helping Children Cope with Disaster Date: Sun, 5 Oct 2003 12:53:16 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0047_01C38B3F.A506E980"; type="text/html" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2800.1165 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0047_01C38B3F.A506E980 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.fema.gov/rrr/children.shtm FEMA: Helping Children Cope with Disaster
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Helping Children Cope with=20 Disaster

Earthquakes...Tornadoes...Fires... = Floods...Hurricanes...=20 Hazardous Materials Spills

Disaster may strike quickly and without warning. These events = can be=20 frightening for adults, but they are traumatic for children if = they don't=20 know what to do.

During a disaster, your family may have to leave your home and = daily=20 routine. Children may become anxious, confused or frightened. As = an adult,=20 you'll need to cope with the disaster in a way that will help = children=20 avoid developing a permanent sense of loss. It is important to = give=20 children guidance that will help them reduce their fears.=20

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the American=20 Red Cross have prepared this brochure to help you help your = children=20 cope. Ultimately, you should decide what's best for your children, = but=20 consider using these suggestions as guidelines.=20

Children and Their Response to Disaster

Children depend on daily routines: They wake up, eat breakfast, = go to=20 school, play with friends. When emergencies or disasters interrupt = this=20 routine, children may become anxious.

In a disaster, they'll look to you and other adults for help. = How you react to an emergency gives them clues = on how to=20 act. If you react with alarm, a child may become more scared. They = see our=20 fear as proof that the danger is real. If you seem overcome with a = sense=20 of loss, a child may feel their losses more strongly.

Children's fears also may stem from their imagination, and you = should=20 take these feelings seriously. A child who feels=20 afraid is afraid. Your words and = actions can=20 provide reassurance. When talking with your child, be sure to = present a=20 realistic picture that is both honest and manageable.

Feeling or fear are healthy and natural for adults and = children. But as=20 an adult, you need to keep control of the situation. When you're = sure that=20 danger has passed, concentrate on your child's emotional needs by = asking=20 the child what's uppermost in his or her mind. Having children = participate=20 in the family's recovery activities will help them feel that their = life=20 will return to "normal." Your response during this time may have a = lasting=20 impact.=20

Be aware that after a disaster, children are most=20 afraid that--=20

  • the event will happen again.

  • someone will be injured or killed.

  • they will be separated from the family.

  • they will be left alone.

Advice to Parents: Prepare for Disaster

You can create a Family Disaster Plan by taking four simple = steps.=20 First, learn what hazards exist in your community and how to = prepare for=20 each. Then meet with your family to discuss what you would do, as = a group,=20 in each situation. Next, take steps to prepare your family for = disaster=20 such as: posting emergency phone numbers, selecting an = out-of-state family=20 contact, assembling disaster supplies kits for each member of your = household and installing smoke detectors on each level of your = home.=20 Finally, practice your Family Disaster Plan so that everyone will = remember=20 what to do when a disaster does occur.

  • Develop and practice a Family Disaster Plan. Contact your = local=20 emergency management or civil defense office, or your local Red = Cross=20 chapter for materials that describe how your family can create a = disaster plan. Everyone in the household, including children, = should=20 play a part in the family's response and recovery efforts.

  • Teach your child how to recognize danger signals. Make sure = your=20 child knows what smoke detectors, fire alarms and local = community=20 warning systems (horns, sirens) sound like.

  • Explain how to call for help. Teach your child how and when = to call=20 for help. Check the telephone directory for local emergency = phone=20 numbers and post these phone numbers by all telephones. If you = live in a=20 9-1-1-service area, tell your child to call 9-1-1.

  • Help your child memorize important family information. = Children=20 should memorize their family name, address and phone number. = They should=20 also know where to meet in case of an emergency. Some children = may not=20 be old enough to memorize the information. They could carry a = small=20 index card that lists emergency information to give to an adult = or=20 babysitter.

AFTER THE DISASTER: TIME FOR RECOVERY

Immediately after the disaster, try to reduce your child's fear = and=20 anxiety.

  • Keep the family together. While you look for housing and = assistance,=20 you may want to leave your children with relatives or friends. = Instead,=20 keep the family together as much as possible and make children a = part of=20 what you are doing to get the family back on its feet. Children = get=20 anxious, and they'll worry that their parents won't return.

  • Calmly and firmly explain the situation. As best as you can, = tell=20 children what you know about the disaster. Explain what will = happen=20 next. For example, say, "Tonight, we will all stay together in = the=20 shelter." Get down to the child's eye level and talk to them.

  • Encourage children to talk. Let children talk about the = disaster and=20 ask questions as much as they want. Encourage children to = describe what=20 they're feeling. Listen to what they say. If possible, include = the=20 entire family in the discussion.

  • Include children in recovery activities. Give children = chores that=20 are their responsibility. This will help children feel they are = part of=20 the recovery. Having a task will help them understand that = everything=20 will be all right.
You can help children cope by = understanding=20 what causes their anxieties and fears. Reassure them with firmness = and=20 love. Your children will realize that life will eventually return = to=20 normal. If a child does not respond to the above suggestions, seek = help=20 from a mental health specialist or a member of the clergy.

The Federal Emergency Management Agency's Community and Family=20 Preparedness Program developed this brochure in cooperation with = the=20 American Red Cross' Community Disaster Education Program. Both are = national efforts to help people prepare for disasters of all = types. For=20 more information on how to prepare for and respond to disaster, = contact=20 your local or State office of emergency management and your local = Red=20 Cross chapter. Ask for "Your Family = Disaster=20 Plan." Or, write to: FEMA, P.O. Box 70274, Washington, D.C. = 20024.=20 FEMA L-196
February 1993
ARC 4499

 

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